Summary of Slavonic Characters Included in the Unicode Standard

Codepoint

Character Name

Default Representation

Synodal Era[1]

Poluustav Era

Ustav Era
Basic Letters
U+0400, U+0450 CYRILLIC LETTER IE WITH GRAVE Ѐ ѐ[2] –    
U+0401, U+0451 CYRILLIC LETTER IO Ё ё[3] – – –
U+0402, U+0452 CYRILLIC LETTER DJE Ђ ђ[4] –    
U+0403, U+0453 CYRILLIC LETTER GJE Ѓ ѓ[5] –    
U+0404, U+0454 CYRILLIC LETTER UKRAINIAN IE Є є[6] Є є[7]    
U+0405, U+0455 CYRILLIC LETTER DZE Ѕ ѕ[8] Ѕ ѕ    
U+0406, U+0456 CYRILLIC LETTER BIELORUSSIAN / URKAINIAN I І і[9] І і[10]    
U+0407, U+0457 CYRILLIC LETTER YI Ї ї[11] Ї ї[11b]    
U+0408, U+0458 CYRILLIC LETTER JE Ј ј[12] –    
U+0409, U+0459 CYRILLIC LETTER LJE Љ љ[13] –    
U+040A, U+045A CYRILLIC LETTER NJE Њ њ[14] –    
U+040B, U+045B CYRLLIC LETTER TSHE Ћ ћ[15] –    
U+040C, U+045C CYRLLIC LETTER KJE Ќ ќ[16] – – –
U+040D, U+045D CYRLLIC LETTER I WITH GRAVE Ѝ ѝ[17] –    
U+040E, U+045E CYRILLIC LETTER SHORT U Ў ў[18] –    
U+040F, U+045F CYRILLIC LETTER DZHE Џ џ[19] –    
U+0410, U+0430 CYRILLIC LETTER A А а А а    
U+0411, U+0431 CYRILLIC LETTER BE Б б Б б    
U+0412, U+0432 CYRILLIC LETTER VE В в В в    
U+0413, U+0433 CYRILLIC LETTER GE Г г Г г    
U+0414, U+0434 CYRILLIC LETTER DE Д д Д д    
U+0415, U+0435 CYRILLIC LETTER IE Е е Е е    
U+0416, U+0436 CYRILLIC LETTER ZHE Ж ж Ж ж    
U+0417, U+0437 CYRILLIC LETTER ZE З з З з    
U+0418, U+0438 CYRILLIC LETTER I И и И и    
U+0419, U+0439 CYRILLIC LETTER SHORT I Й й Й й    
U+041A, U+043A CYRILLIC LETTER KA К к К к    
U+041B, U+043B CYRILLIC LETTER EL Л л Л л    
U+041C, U+043C CYRILLIC LETTER EM М м М м    
U+041D, U+043D CYRILLIC LETTER EN Н н Н н    
U+041E, U+043E CYRILLIC LETTER O О о О о    
U+041F, U+043F CYRILLIC LETTER PE П п П п    
U+0420, U+0440 CYRILLIC LETTER ER Р р Р р    
U+0421, U+0441 CYRILLIC LETTER ES С с С с    
U+0422, U+0442 CYRILLIC LETTER TE Т т Т т    
U+0423, U+0443 CYRILLIC LETTER U У у У у[20]    
U+0424, U+0444 CYRILLIC LETTER EF Ф ф Ф ф    
U+0425, U+0445 CYRILLIC LETTER HA Х х Х х    
U+0426, U+0446 CYRILLIC LETTER TSE Ц ц Ц ц    
U+0427, U+0447 CYRILLIC LETTER CHE Ч ч Ч ч    
U+0428, U+0448 CYRILLIC LETTER SHA Ш ш Ш ш    
U+0429, U+0449 CYRILLIC LETTER SHCHA Щ щ Щ щ    
U+042A, U+044A CYRILLIC LETTER HARD SIGN Ъ ъ Ъ ъ    
U+042B, U+044B CYRILLIC LETTER YERU Ы ы Ы ы    
U+042C, U+044C CYRILLIC LETTER SOFT SIGN Ь ь Ь ь    
U+042D, U+044D CYRILLIC LETTER E Э э –    
U+042E, U+044E CYRILLIC LETTER YU Ю ю Ю ю    
U+042F, U+044F CYRILLIC LETTER YA Я я –[99] – –
U+0460, U+0461 CYRILLIC LETTER OMEGA Ѡ ѡ Ѡ ѡ    
U+0462, U+0463 CYRILLIC LETTER YAT Ѣ ѣ[21] Ѣ ѣ    
U+0464, U+0465 CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED E Ѥ ѥ –    
U+0466, U+0467 CYRILLIC LETTER LITTLE YUS Ѧ ѧ Ѧ ѧ    
U+0468, U+0469 CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED LITTLE YUS Ѩ ѩ –    
U+046A, U+046B CYRILLIC LETTER BIG YUS Ѫ ѫ[22] Ѫ ѫ[23]    
U+046C, U+046D CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED BIG YUS Ѭ ѭ –    
U+046E, U+046F CYRILLIC LETTER KSI Ѯ ѯ Ѯ ѯ    
U+0470, U+0471 CYRILLIC LETTER PSI Ѱ ѱ Ѱ ѱ    
U+0472, U+0473 CYRILLIC LETTER FITA Ѳ ѳ[24] Ѳ ѳ    
U+0474, U+0475 CYRILLIC LETTER IZHITSA Ѵ ѵ[25] Ѵ ѵ    
U+0476, U+0477 CYRILLIC LETTER IZHITSA WITH DOUBLE GRAVE ACCENT[98] Ѷ ѷ Ѷ ѷ    
U+0478, U+0479 CYRILLIC LETTER UK Ѹ ѹ Ѹ ѹ[26]    
U+047A, U+047B CYRILLIC LETTER ROUND OMEGA Ѻ ѻ Ѻ ѻ[27]    
U+047C, U+047D CYRILLIC LETTER OMEGA WITH TITLO Ѽ ѽ Ѽ ѽ[97]    
U+047E, U+047F CYRILLIC LETTER OT Ѿ ѿ Ѿ ѿ    
U+0480, U+0481 CYRILLIC LETTER KOPPA Ҁ ҁ –    
U+0490, U+0491 CYRILLIC LETTER GHE WITH UPTURN Ґ ґ[29] – – –
U+A640, U+A641 CYRILLIC LETTER ZEMLYA Ꙁ ꙁ –    
U+A642, U+A643 CYRILLIC LETTER DZELO Ꙃ ꙃ –    
U+A644, U+A645 CYRILLIC LETTER REVERSED DZE Ꙅ ꙅ –    
U+A646, U+A647 CYRILLIC LETTER IOTA Ꙇ ꙇ –    
U+A648, U+A649 CYRILLIC LETTER DJERV Ꙉ ꙉ –    
U+A64A, U+A64B CYRILLIC LETTER MONOGRAPH UK Ꙋ ꙋ Ꙋ ꙋ    
U+A64C, U+A64D CYRILLIC LETTER BROAD OMEGA Ꙍ ꙍ Ꙍ ꙍ[93]    
U+A64E, U+A64F CYRILLIC LETTER NEUTRAL YER Ꙏ ꙏ –    
U+A650, U+A651 CYRILLIC LETTER YERU WITH BACK YER Ꙑ ꙑ –    
U+A652, U+A653 CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED YAT Ꙓ ꙓ –    
U+A654, U+A655 CYRILLIC LETTER REVERSED YU Ꙕ ꙕ –    
U+A656, U+A657 CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED A Ꙗ ꙗ Ꙗ ꙗ    
U+A658, U+A659 CYRILLIC LETTER CLOSED LITTLE YUS Ꙙ ꙙ –    
U+A65A, U+A65B CYRILLIC LETTER BLENDED YUS Ꙛ ꙛ –    
U+A65C, U+A65D CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED CLOSED LITTLE YUS Ꙝ ꙝ –    
U+A65E, U+A65F CYRILLIC LETTER YN Ꙟ ꙟ –    
U+A662, U+A663 CYRILLIC LETTER SOFT DE Ꙣ ꙣ –    
U+A664, U+A665 CYRILLIC LETTER SOFT EL Ꙥ ꙥ –    
U+A666, U+A667 CYRILLIC LETTER SOFT EM Ꙧ ꙧ –    
U+04A4, U+04A5 CYRILLIC LIGATURE EN GHE Ҥ ҥ –    
U+A668, U+A669 CYRILLIC LETTER MONOCULAR O Ꙩ ꙩ –    
U+A66A, U+A66B CYRILLIC LETTER BINOCULAR O Ꙫ ꙫ –    
U+A66C, U+A66D CYRILLIC LETTER DOUBLE MONOCULAR O Ꙭ ꙭ –    
U+A66E CYRILLIC LETTER MULTIOCULAR O ꙮ –    
Various Symbols
U+0482 CYRILLIC THOUSANDS SIGN ҂ ҂    
U+0488 COMBINING CYRILLIC HUNDRED THOUSANDS SIGN ҈ а҈    
U+0489 COMBINING CYRILLIC MILLIONS SIGN ҉ а҉    
U+20DD COMBINING ENCLOSING CIRCLE[94] ⃝ а⃝    
U+A670 COMBINING CYRILLIC TEN MILLIONS SIGN ꙰ а꙰    
U+A671 COMBINING CYRILLIC HUNDRED MILLIONS SIGN ꙱ а꙱    
U+A672 COMBINING CYRILLIC THOUSAND MILLIONS SIGN ꙲ а꙲    
U+A673 SLAVONIC ASTERISK ꙳ ꙳[90]    
Diacritical Marks
U+0300 COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT ◌̀ А̀ а̀    
U+0301 COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT ◌́ А́ а́    
U+0485 COMBINING CYRILLIC DASIA PNEUMATA[95] – – – –
U+0486 COMBINING CYRILLIC PSILI PNEUMATA ҆ А̓ а҆[28]    
U+0311 COMBINING INVERTED BREVE[96]  ̑ А̑ а̑    
U+0483 COMBINING CYRILLIC TITLO[92]   ҃ А̃ а҃    
U+A66F COMBINING CYRILLIC VZMET[89] ◌ ꙯ –    
U+0487 COMBINING CYRILLIC POKRYTIE ҇ А҇ а҇    
U+0484 COMBINING CYRILLIC PALATALIZATION[96b]   ҄ А̂ а҄    
U+A67C COMBINING CYRILLIC KAVYKA[30] ◌ ꙼ –    
U+A67E CYRILLIC KAVYKA ꙾ ꙾    
U+033E COMBINING VERTICAL TILDE[30a] ◌̾ а̾    
U+2E2F VERTICAL TILDE[30b] ⸯ ⸯ    
U+A67D COMBINING CYRILLIC PAYEROK ◌ ꙽ а꙽    
U+A67F CYRILLIC PAYEROK ꙿ ꙿ    
Superscript Letters
U+2DE0 COMBINING CYRILLIC BE ◌ⷠ аⷠ[91][31]    
U+2DE1 COMBINING CYRILLIC VE ◌ⷡ аⷡ[32]    
U+2DE2 COMBINING CYRILLIC GHE ◌ⷢ аⷢ    
U+2DE3 COMBINING CYRILLIC DE ◌ⷣ аⷣ    
U+2DE4 COMBINING CYRILLIC ZHE ◌ⷤ аⷤ[33]    
U+2DE5 COMBINING CYRILLIC ZE[34] ◌ⷥ аⷥ[35]    
U+2DE6 COMBINING CYRILLIC KA ◌ⷦ аⷦ[36]    
U+2DE7 COMBINING CYRILLIC EL ◌ⷧ аⷧ[37]    
U+2DE8 COMBINING CYRILLIC EM ◌ⷨ аⷨ[38]    
U+2DE9 COMBINING CYRILLIC EN ◌ⷩ аⷩ[39]    
U+2DEA COMBINING CYRILLIC O ◌ⷪ аⷪ    
U+2DEB COMBINING CYRILLIC PE ◌ⷫ аⷫ[40]    
U+2DEC COMBINING CYRILLIC ER ◌ⷬ аⷬ    
U+2DED COMBINING CYRILLIC ES ◌ⷭ аⷭ    
U+2DEE COMBINING CYRILLIC TE ◌ⷮ аⷮ[41]    
U+2DEF COMBINING CYRILLIC HA ◌ⷯ аⷯ[42]    
U+2DF0 COMBINING CYRILLIC TSE ◌ⷰ аⷰ[43]    
U+2DF1 COMBINING CYRILLIC CHE ◌ⷱ аⷱ[44]    
U+2DF2 COMBINING CYRILLIC SHA ◌ⷲ аⷲ[45]    
U+2DF3 COMBINING CYRILLIC SHCHA ◌ⷳ аⷳ[46]    
U+2DF4 COMBINING CYRILLIC FITA ◌ⷴ аⷴ[47]    
U+2DF5 COMBINING CYRILLIC ES-TE ◌ⷵ аⷵ[48]    
U+2DF6 COMBINING CYRILLIC A ◌ⷶ аⷶ[49]    
U+2DF7 COMBINING CYRILLIC IE ◌ⷷ аⷷ[50]    
U+2DF8 COMBINING CYRILLIC DJERV ◌ⷸ –    
U+2DF9 COMBINING CYRILLIC MONOGRAPH UK ◌ⷹ аⷹ[51]    
U+2DFA COMBINING CYRILLIC YAT ◌ⷺ аⷺ[52]    
U+2DFB COMBINING CYRILLIC YU ◌ⷻ аⷻ[53]    
U+2DFC COMBINING CYRILLIC IOTIFIED A ◌ⷼ аⷼ[54]    
U+2DFD COMBINING CYRILLIC LITTLE YUS ◌ⷽ аⷽ[55]    
U+2DFE COMBINING CYRILLIC BIG YUS ◌ⷾ –    
U+2DFF COMBINING CYRILLIC IOTIFIED BIG YUS ◌ⷿ –    
Punctuation[56]
U+002E FULL STOP . .    
U+002C COMMA , ,    
U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK ! !    
U+003B[57] SEMICONON ; ;    
U+037E[58] GREEK QUESTION MARK ; ;    
U+003A COLON[88] : :    
U+002F SOLIDUS / /    
U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS \ \    
U+0028, U+0029 LEFT, RIGHT PARENTHESIS ( ) ( )    
U+00AB, U+00BB[59] LEFT-POINTING / RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK « » – – –
U+003F QUESTION MARK[87] ? – – –
Proposed Characters
(U+1F540)[60] CIRCLED CROSS POMMEE 🕀 🕀    
(U+1F541)[61] CROSS POMMEE WITH HALF-CIRCLE BELOW 🕁 🕁    
(U+1F542)[62] CROSS POMMEE 🕂 🕂    
(U+1F543)[63] NOTCHED LEFT SEMICIRCLE WITH THREE DOTS 🕃 🕃    
(U+1F544)[64] NOTCHED RIGHT SEMICIRCLE WITH THREE DOTS 🕄 🕄    
(U+1F545)[65] MARKS CHAPTER SYMBOL 🕅 🕅    
(U+A674)[66] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER UKRAINIAN IE ꙴ –    
(U+A675)[67] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER I ꙵ –    
(U+A676)[68] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER YI ꙶ –    
(U+A677)[69] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER U ꙷ –    
(U+A678)[70] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER HARD SIGN ꙸ –    
(U+A679)[71] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER YERU ꙹ –    
(U+A67A)[72] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER SOFT SIGN ꙺ –    
(U+A67B)[73] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER OMEGA ꙻ –    
(U+A69F)[74] COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED E ꚟ –    
(U+A698, U+A699)[75] CYRILLIC LETTER DOUBLE O Ꚙ ꚙ –    
(U+A69A, U+A69B)[76] CYRILLIC LETTER CROSSED O Ꚛ ꚛ –    

 

[1] The font used is Hirmos Ponomar, a Unicode implementation by Yuri Shardt of the Hirmos font developed by Vlad Dorosh.

[2] Required for Macedonian.

[3] Required for Russian.

[4] Required for Serbian.

[5] Required for Macedonian.

[6] Required for Ukrainian.

[7] This character is used as the wide e in Synodal writing. The capital form of this letter does not exist. The Unicode codepoint U+0404 should duplicate U+0415.

[8] Required for Macedonian.

[9] Required for Ukrainian and Belarusian.

[10] Implemented as the dotless i used for numbers in Synodal Church Slavonic.

[11] Required for Ukrainian.

[11] This is equivalent to U+0456 U+0308, and has been implemented as such.

[12] Required for Serbian.

[13] Required for Serbian.

[14] Required for Serbian.

[15] Required for Serbian.

[16] Required for Macedonian.

[17] Required for Macedonian.

[18] Required for Belarusian.

[19] Required for Serbian.

[20] Used for writing the numeral 400 and as the second part of the diagraph UK (оу). See Note 26 below.

[21] Required for pre-1917 Russian and pre-1945 Rusyn.

[22] Required for pre-1945 Bulgarian.

[23] Used in Paschalia tables only.

[24] Required for pre-1917 Russian. Should not be used for CYRILLIC LETTER BARRED O used in Kazakh, Tuvan and Mongolian.

[25] Required for pre-1917 Russian.

[26] Deprecated. Instead, the combination of the CYRILLIC LETTER O (о) and CYRILLIC LETTER U (у) should be used. Glyph substitution at the font level must be implemented to correctly display this character.

[27] Used for the wide on. The name of this character is erroneous and it should be renamed to CYRILLIC LETTER BROAD O.

[28] The psili over a capital letter is different from that over a lowercase letter. This difference is handled using glyph substitution table in OpenType.

[29] Required for Ukrainian.

[30] This represents a kavyka as a combining diacritical mark.

[30] This charecter is used for the Cyrillic yerik (yerok), which indicates an omitted yer.

[30] This charecter is used for the standalone (not combining) version of the Cyrillic yerik (yerok).

[31] Unattested.

[32] Unattested.

[33] Unattested.

[34] This represents a superscripted zemlja.

[35] Used in Znamenny chantbooks in the abbreviation for Razvod Fity

[36] Unattested.

[37] Unattested.

[38] Unattested.

[39] Unattested.

[40] Unattested.

[41] Unattested.

[42] Unattested.

[43] Unattested.

[44] Unattested.

[45] Unattested.

[46] Unattested.

[47] Unattested.

[48] Unattested.

[49] Unattested.

[50] Unattested.

[51] Unattested.

[52] Unattested.

[53] Unattested.

[54] Unattested.

[55] Unattested.

[56] The punctuation listed is primarily for noncivil script use.

[57] This can be used to represent the question mark in Church Slavonic. Alternatively, one can use the codepoint selected for the Greek question mark, located at U+037E.

[58] This can be used to represent the question mark in Church Slavonic. Alternatively, one can use the codepoint selected for the semicolon, located at U+003B.

[59] Quotation marks should not be used to encode the Kavyka or other characters.

[60] Used for Typikon Symbol Great Feast. This character is currently in Stage 5 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3772 for more information.

[61] Used for Typikon Symbol Vigil-rank Feast. This character is currently in Stage 5 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3772 for more information.

[62] Used for Typikon Symbol Polyeleos-rank Feast. This character is currently in Stage 5 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3772 for more information.

[63] Used for Typikon Symbol Doxology-Rank or Hexastechiraric-Rank Feast. This character is currently in Stage 5 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3772for more information.

[64] Used for Typikon Symbol Hexastechiraric-Rank Feast in double-sided printing. See the proposal.

[65] This character has been proposed for inclusion. See proposal.

[66] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information.

[67] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information. This is actually the IZHE TITLO.

[68] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information.

[69] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information. This is similar to the plain “у,” rather than the ꙋ.

[70] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information. This differs from the payerok which has a similar function.

[71] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information.

[72] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information.

[73] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information.

[74] This character is currently in Stage 4 of balloting for inclusion in the Unicode standard, see n3748 for more information.

[75] This character has been proposed for inclusion in Unicode. See proposal.

[76] This character has been proposed for inclusion in Unicode. See proposal.

[87] This codepoint should not be used for the Slavonic (Greek) Question Mark (i.e., the semicolon).

[88] This character is used as the partial stop in Church Slavonic.

[89] Unicode suggests using this character, and not U+0483, for abbreviations and nomina sacra. However, there appears to be no good reason for this distinction. In Poluustav and Ustav writing, this character should be used when the Titlo needs to balance over two characters.

[90] There appears to be no reason why this character warrants its own codepoint and how it differs from U+002A.

[91] Unicode suggests that the combining letters be implemented without the Pokrytie. However, because most of the letters in Synodal writing (with the exception of Dobro, Zemlya and Her) exist only with the Pokrytie, we suggest implementing these characters together with the pokrytie.

[92] Unicode suggests that this should not be used with letter titlos (but only for numerals). This is an erroneous recommendation and should be disregarded.

[93] This glyph does not occur in Synodal texts as a standalone character. For the exclamation Oh! see CYRILLIC LETTER OMEGA WITH TITLO.

[94] This character should be used for the Cyrillic ten thousands sign.

[95] This character is not used in Church Slavonic and should not be encoded. Its inclusion in Unicode is erroneous.

[96] This character is used for the kamora, which indicates a stressed syllable on a variant plural or dual form.

[96] This character is not used for the kamora. Instead, it is used to indicate palatilization. Unlike the COMBINING INVERTED BREVE, this symbol balances to the side of the letter, not directly overtop.

[97] This character is used as the exclamation Oh! The name is erroneous.

[98] The name of this character is incorrect and it should be called CYRILLIC LETTER IZHITSA WITH IZHE TITLO. The inclusion of this character in Unicode was erroneous as it is in fact the composition of CYRILLIC LETTER IZHITSA and the IZHE TITLO. The IZHE TITLO has now been proposed for inclusion in Unicode as COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER I. Thus we suggest that this character be deprecated.

[99] This character does not exist in Church Slavonic. This codepoint should not be used to encode CYRILLIC LETTER IOTIFIED A.